Beaujolais is a French wine appellation from the Beaujolais region on the eastern edge of France. It is primarily made from the Gamay grape, producing red, rosé, and white wines with low tannins and high acidity. The wines typically have an alcohol content of 10.0-11.0% ABV.
How it is made
Beaujolais wines are produced using semi-carbonic maceration, where whole grape clusters are placed in containers. The weight of the upper grapes crushes the lower ones, initiating fermentation with natural yeasts. This process preserves the fruity character of the wines. For Beaujolais Nouveau, the maceration lasts no more than 10 days, while other red wines are fermented longer and aged until at least January 1 of the year following harvest.
History
Viticulture in the Beaujolais region dates back to Roman times when vineyards were planted along the Saône river valley. Monks played a significant role in grape cultivation and winemaking during the Middle Ages. The region gained viticultural independence when Duke Philip the Bold prohibited Gamay cultivation in Burgundy proper, recognizing it thrived better on Beaujolais' granite soils. The Beaujolais appellation was officially recognized by decree on September 12, 1937.
Types and styles
Beaujolais produces red, rosé, and white wines. Red and rosé wines are primarily made from Gamay, while whites are exclusively from Chardonnay. The appellation includes Beaujolais, Beaujolais Supérieur (for reds only), Beaujolais Villages, and ten Crus: Morgon, Fleurie, Moulin-à-Vent, etc. Beaujolais Nouveau is a style released on the third Thursday of November each year, meant to be consumed young within 6-12 months. Villages wines have more structure and can age for several years.
How it is served
Beaujolais wines are typically served young. Beaujolais Nouveau is best enjoyed fresh after release. The wines pair well with various foods, including charcuterie, poultry, and light dishes. On this site, you can find the Nouveau Sangaree cocktail which uses Beaujolais wine.
Adapted from the Russian Wikipedia article Божоле (аппелласьон), available under CC BY-SA 4.0.