Beer

Beer is a malt drink made from hops, typically using barley as the base grain. It originates from ancient times and has an alcohol content ranging from 3.0% to 6.0% by volume in most varieties.

How it is made

Beer is produced through the alcoholic fermentation of malted grain, usually barley. The brewing process involves creating a wort from the malted grains, which is then boiled with hops to add flavor and act as a preservative. Yeast is added to ferment the sugars in the wort, producing alcohol and carbon dioxide. The final product contains dry matter (mainly carbohydrates) of 7-10% and carbon dioxide of 0.48-1.0%.

History

Beer is one of the oldest beverages known, dating back to the Neolithic period. Evidence suggests that beer production began around 3500-2900 BCE in Ancient Iran and Mesopotamian cultures. In ancient Egypt, beer was so important that pyramid builders received it as part of their food rations. During the Middle Ages in Europe, beer was primarily produced in monasteries, where monks refined the brewing techniques and began using hops as a preservative.

Types and styles

There is no single classification system for beer due to its diversity. By fermentation method, beer is categorized as either bottom-fermented (lager) or top-fermented (ale). By color, beer ranges from light to dark, with classifications including light, dark, red, white, and mixed beer. The strength of most beer varieties ranges from 3.0% to 5.5% alcohol by volume, though stronger varieties exist with up to 14% alcohol.

How it is served

Beer can be served in various ways including neat, with food, or in cocktails. Popular beer cocktails on this site include Michelada, Radler, and Sake Bomb. Beer is often paired with foods that complement its flavors, from light snacks to hearty meals. The serving temperature varies by style, with lighter beers typically served colder and darker beers at slightly warmer temperatures.

Adapted from the Russian Wikipedia article Пиво, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Other styles

Beer in the United States

Gluten-free beer

Malt beer

Budweiser trademark dispute

Beer in the Netherlands

Beer in Denmark

Green beer

Quadrupel

Dortmunder Export

Farmhouse ale

Corn beer

Beer in Italy

Beer in Portugal

Beer in Finland

Handia (India)

Beer in the Caribbean

Beer in Norway

Barrel-aged beer

Millet beer (Burkina Faso)

Hard soda

Pony Malta

Cauim

Beer in Iceland

Bouza

Beer riots in Bavaria

Tesgüino

Cock ale

Gotlandsdricka (Sweden)

Near beer

Kasiri (Suriname)

Zythum

Pito

Cerveza preparada

Beer from bread

Strong beer

Seasonal beer

Schneider

American wild ale (United States)

Kubuli

Munkoyo

Bright beer

Amber Ale

Keskiolut

Christmas beer

Hariya

Dark beer

Beer in Albania

Kwete

Blonde beer

Beijing Beer

Red Beer

Zozu

Whistle Belly Vengeance

Flavoured beer

Belgian witbier (Belgium)

Bière de Mars

Kapuziner Weissbier

Ossetian beer

Snake Venom Beer (Scotland)

Steam beer (Germany)

Beer from Georgia (country)

Живое пиво

Well-known brands

XXXX

Kingfisher (India)

Pabst Blue Ribbon

Trappist beer

Blue Moon

Madrí Excepcional

Desperados

Singha

Samuel Adams

Tiger Beer

Estrella Damm

Estrella Galicia

Smithwick's

Rolling Rock

Carling Brewery

Leffe (Belgium)

Kilkenny

Pacífico (Mexico)

Cobra Beer

Bintang Beer

Red Stripe (Jamaica)

Twisted Tea (United States)

Bira 91 (India)

Old Milwaukee

Staropramen Brewery

Grimbergen (Belgium)

Jupiler (Belgium)

Velkopopovický Kozel (Czech Republic)

Billy Beer

Hop House 13

Presidente

Great Northern Brewing Co.

Brahma

Red Dog

Milwaukee's Best

Hertog Jan

Chhaang (Nepal, Tibet)

Kokanee beer

Tusker

Karlovačko

Shock Top

Real American Beer (United States)

Taedonggang

Imperial (Costa Rica)

Gambrinus

Blue Girl Beer

Rochefort Brewery

Cerveza Quilmes

Kalik

Zlatý Bažant (Slovakia)

Żubr (Poland)

Fix

Grain Belt

333 Premium Export Beer

Oranjeboom Brewery (Netherlands)

Free Beer (Denmark)

Gulden Draak (Belgium)

Norrlands Guld

Prestige (Haiti)

Dos Equis

Karhu

Sandels

Piels Beer (United States)

Zaječarsko pivo

Emu

Goudale (France)

Celtia

Grisette (Belgium)

Resch's

Zhigulevskoye (Soviet Union)

Angkor Beer

Swan (Australia)

Tooth and Co.

Zagorka

Rogue Beard Beer (United States)

Bourgogne des Flandres (Belgium)

Tynt Meadow

Orijin (Nigeria)

Lapin Kulta

Lav pivo (Serbia)

Vitamalz

West End Draught

Bali Hai Beer (Indonesia)

Red White & Blue Beer

Piton

Achel Brewery (Belgium)

NT Draught

Strela

Belikin (Belize)

Palm Breweries

Jopen

Heineken Premium Light

Bush (Belgium)

Münchener Bier

Cuvée des Trolls (Belgium)

Corsendonk (Belgium)

Calanda Bräu

Drewrys Brewing Company

Březňák

Paradise Beverages

Heineken Oud Bruin

Tripel Karmeliet

Sagres

Fruli

Baltika

James Ready

Paceña

Birra Stela

VB Gold

Stolichno

Ciney (Belgium)

Zundert Trappist (Netherlands)

Cerveza Pilsen

Laurentina

Double Brown

Pauwel Kwak (Belgium)

Kukko

Ariana

Mousel

Jenlain

Waikato Draught (New Zealand)

James Boag's Premium (Tasmania)

Reeb

Grafenwalder

Artois Bock

Carlton Black

Saint Vincent Beer

Three Coins Beer (Sri Lanka)

Astika

Tekel Birası

Devassa

Chang (Thailand)

Wild Goose

Cerveza Norteña

Viru

Cerveza Zillertal

Abbey beers

Orval beer (Belgium)

Aventinus

Australian MAX

Coral beer

Bloemenbier (Belgium)

Chimay Beer (Belgium)

1Hop

Safir

Cucapá

St. Erhard

SNAB

Herkenrode beer (Belgium)

Molson Canadian 67

Kamenitza

King Snedley's Beer

Number One

Pilsen Callao

Semper Ardens (Denmark)

Tuborg Red (Denmark)

1612er Zwickelbier

Den Tseut (Belgium)

Piraat (Belgium)

3 Schténg (Belgium)

Chopper Heavy

Beamish (Ireland)

Blanche de Namur

Capucijn

Ch'ti

Corgoň (Slovakia)

Edelweiss

Engelszell beer

Noche Buena (Mexico)

Samichlaus

Sibirskaya korona

Spencer Trappist Ale (United States)

Staročeško

Ter Dolen (beer)

Tomislav (Croatia)

Yebisu Beer (Japan)

Конец истории

Ленинградское пиво (Soviet Union)

Мюнхенский тёмный лагер

Халзан (пиво) (Russia)

Ячменный колос (Soviet Union)